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Middle Kingdom · 11th Dynasty
Mentuhotep II
- Reign
- 2008–1957 (2046–1995) BC
- Throne name
- Neb-hepet-Re
- Other names
- Seankh-ib-tawy, Netjer-hedjet, Sema-tawy
- Dynasty
- 11th Dynasty
- Period
- Middle Kingdom, c. 2040–1780 BC
- Capital at the time
- Thebes, then Itjtawy (near el-Lisht)
Mentuhotep II is listed in the king list under ‘11th Dynasty’ and so belongs to this period: Middle Kingdom (c. 2040–1780 BC). Reign: 2008–1957 (2046–1995) BC. The figures in brackets give the alternative dating by the Egyptologist Jürgen von Beckerath. The throne name is Neb-hepet-Re. Other recorded names: Seankh-ib-tawy, Netjer-hedjet, Sema-tawy.
What is known about Mentuhotep II
Mentuhotep II ended the rule of the 9th/10th Dynasty and reunited Egypt. Some Egyptologists regard the moment of reunification as the actual beginning of the Middle Kingdom.
From the German Wikipedia list of pharaohs, CC BY-SA 4.0, translated and edited.
The period: Middle Kingdom
After reunification, literature, art and administration flourish. Later generations regarded the language of this period as ‘classical’ Egyptian.
- c. 2040 BCMentuhotep II reunites the country and builds his mortuary temple at Deir el-Bahari.
- c. 1950 BCAmenemhat I moves the royal residence to Itjtawy; the ‘Story of Sinuhe’ is composed under Senusret I.
- c. 1870 BCSenusret III secures the southern frontier with a chain of mighty fortresses in Nubia, such as those at Semna and Buhen.
- c. 1840 BCAmenemhat III has the Faiyum opened up through irrigation; the Greeks called his mortuary temple at Hawara the ‘Labyrinth’.
More about this period: Middle Kingdom
11th Dynasty: all rulers
- Mentuhotep I
- Intef I
- Intef II
- Intef III
- Mentuhotep II
- Mentuhotep III
- Mentuhotep IV
- In(tef)
- Iyibkhentre
- Segerseni
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